The top tax bracket was reduced only to 37% from the previous 39.6% rate in 2017. Are you aware that raising it back to 39.6% would raise only about a penny of every deficit dollar? That's right; the increase of only the top-bracket rate to pre-2017 levels would only raise about $20 billion per year -- barely a rounding era in today's world of $2+ trillion annual deficits.
Originally Posted by Texas Contrarian
I was curious about that number, $20 billion, so asked ChatGPT and also made a stab myself using IRS tax tables. Based on multiple sources, ChatGPT says the number is a lot lower than $20 billion. My calculations indicate it's higher. But either way, as you say, it's a drop in the bucket. I'm using the $500,000 threshold for my calculations based on Adav8s28's tax table.
I suspect your number is as good as any, and it represents about 0.4% of federal revenues.
ChatGPT:
Raising the top federal income tax rate from 37% to 39.6% — the rate in effect before the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) — would increase federal revenue, but by a modest amount relative to total federal receipts. The estimated revenue impact depends on behavioral responses and how much taxable income is actually earned in the top bracket.
Key Assumptions:
No changes to capital gains and dividend tax rates.
No change to other brackets or deductions.
Applies only to individual income tax on ordinary income in the top bracket (2025 top bracket starts at ~$609,350 for individuals and ~$731,200 for married couples filing jointly, indexed for inflation).
Static vs dynamic scoring: Static assumes no behavioral response; dynamic includes reduced income shifting, less work effort, etc.
Revenue Estimates (Annualized, Starting 2025):
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and Tax Policy Center previously estimated:
Restoring the 39.6% rate would raise about $100–120 billion over 10 years, or $10–12 billion per year, under static scoring.
Under dynamic scoring (accounting for behavioral responses), the gain would fall to $5–8 billion per year.
Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) estimates (from previous proposals) align similarly:
Around $114 billion over 10 years, or $11–12 billion/year, for reverting to 39.6% for top earners.
Tax Foundation dynamic model suggests:
A small GDP drag and revenue gain of ~$8 billion/year after behavioral effects.
My calculations, for latest year available (2022) for returns with > $500,000 adjusted gross income, in thousand dollars, assuming 90% of capital gains are long term (held over one year),
Total Adjusted Gross Income: 3,849,333,268
Less Tax Exempt Interest: 26,070,017
Less Qualified Dividends: 170,558,631
Less 90% of Net Capital Gains: 890,433,968
Less Untaxed Pensions & Annuities: 79,796,531
Subtotal: 2,682,474,121
2.6% of Subtotal: 69,744,327 incremental tax
Federal Government revenues: 4,900,000,000
Incremental tax as % Revenues: 1.4%
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/22in14ar.xls
A good part of the reason why my estimate's higher than the rest may be because I included all taxpayers making over $500,000 per year, while the top bracket actually starts at $609,350 for individuals and $731,200 for married couples.