"In 1861 Union forces occupied Jefferson City in the early stages of the American Civil War. At that time, captured slaves were officially designated by the Union as "contraband," and many were forced to serve in military support roles such as cooks, laundresses, or nurses. At age seventeen, Williams was impressed into serving the 8th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel William Plummer Benton."
Uhhhhhh... #1 .... "impressed" into serving ...
I think that is distinctly different from being "impressed" by a recruiter as to the virtues of joining and "seeing the world" or "becoming a man" ... blah, blah, blah.
#2 ... I suspect that if there is "war" on our homeland that the standards of "entrance" and "training" will be substantially lowered and adjusted to accommodate every able bodied male and female capable of loading and discharging a firearm or one or the other ... in lieu of doing both. We ain't there yet!
#3 .. I don't see anything in there about being in "combat" ... I do see where she was sick and hospitalized during at least part of the 2 years she was in.
Originally Posted by LexusLover
You're either being obstinate or illiterate, LL. Didn't you read where Williams "enlisted" to serve with the Buffalo Soldiers in 1866 -- after the war, or are you just too much of a hack to acknowledge that it says she "enlisted"?
"Despite the prohibition against women serving in the military, Williams enlisted in the United States Regular Army on 15 November 1866 at St. Louis, Missouri for a three year engagement, passing herself off as a man. Only two others are known to have been privy to the deception, her cousin and a friend, both of whom were fellow soldiers in her regiment."
. . . and she did everything demanded of an U.S. Infantry soldier -- chasing Apaches -- short of fighting:
"Upon enlistment, as William Cathey, she was assigned to the 38th U.S. Infantry, which had been officially established in August, 1866, as a designated, segregated African-American unit. (The 39th, 40th, and 41st Infantries were the other designated and segregated black units created that year.) The segregated African-American regiments were commanded by white officers, with the regimental headquarters of the 38th at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri.
On February 13, 1867, Company A of the 38th Infantry was officially organized, and William Cathey, along with 75 other black privates, was mustered into that company at Jefferson Barracks. However, at that time, she was in an unnamed St. Louis hospital, suffering an undocumented illness.
By April, 1867, William Cathey and Company A had marched to Fort Riley, Kansas. On the 10th of April, she went to the post hospital complaining of "itch". ("Itch" was usually scabies, eczema, lice, or a combination thereof, part the filth of camp life.) On April 30, along with 15 other privates, she was recorded as being ill in quarters. Because they were sick, all 16 privates had their pay docked 10 dollars per month for three months. She returned to duty on May 14, indicating that something other than "itch" had bothered her.
In June, 1867, the company was at Fort Harker, Kansas. On July 20, 1867, they arrived at Fort Union, New Mexico, after marching 536 miles. On September 7, Company A began the march to Fort Cummings, New Mexico, arriving October 1. They were stationed there for eight months. They were stationed there for eight months, protecting miners and traveling immigrants from Apache attack.
From the records, it looks like she could march long distances as well as any man in her unit. When not on the march, all privates did garrison duty, drilled and trained, and went scouting for signs of hostile Native Americans. William Cathey participated in her share of their duties. There is no record that she ever engaged an enemy or saw any form of direct combat while she was enlisted."
http://www.sangres.com/history/cwilliams/#.UQsOUx1EFPs
http://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-cathywilliams.html
Williams was an anecdotal example of a woman who met the standard in an U.S. Infantry unit. Numerous other women served in combat during the Civil War:
"Even though women weren’t legally allowed to fight in the Civil War, it is estimated that somewhere around 400 women disguised themselves as men and went to war, sometimes without anyone ever discovering their true identities.
How did they do it?
Honestly, the lore is that the physical exams were not rigorous at all. If you had enough teeth in your head and could hold a musket, you were fine. The funny thing is, in this scenario, a lot of women didn’t seem any less manly than, for example, the teenage boys who were enlisting. At the time, I believe the Union had an official cutoff age of 18 for soldiers, but that was often flouted and people often lied. They had a lot of young guys and their voices hadn’t changed and their faces were smooth. The Confederacy never actually established an age requirement. So [women] bound their breasts if they had to, and just kind of layered on clothes, wore loose clothing, cut their hair short and rubbed dirt on their faces. They also kind of kept to themselves. The evidence that survived often describes them as aloof. Keeping to themselves certainly helped maintain the secret.
What duties did the women perform?
They did everything that men did. They worked as scouts, spies, prison guards, cooks, nurses
and they fought in combat."
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/histor...Civil-War.html
http://womenshistory.about.com/od/ci...ah_edmonds.htm
Disguised as a man (left), Frances Clayton served many months in Missouri artillery and cavalry units. (By courtesy of the Trustees of the Boston Public Library)
http://www.archives.gov/publications...vil-war-1.html