No.
It has some but not all necessary elements to be a ponzi scheme.
The US has unlimited power to tax and raise money. Because of that, it cannot be a ponzi scheme.
There have been a lot of changed ideas about the federal deficit.
For a long time it was thought the debt and currency needed to be backed by gold. Then the economy grew so large it was not possible.
Further on the concept became as long as debt could be serviced, the size of the debt was not of concern. Just like any household or corporation.
No one seems to know how large the debt can become until it can't be serviced.