Bernie and the Cut-the-Military Brigade
U.S. defense spending as a share of GDP is modest, but you wouldn’t know it from critics who distort reality.
By Daniel Katz
May 22, 2016 4:48 p.m. ET
The U.S. Marine Corps recently revealed that 70% of its F/A-18 jet fighters aren’t flight-worthy. For years military leaders have warned that their budgets are insufficient. But when they request increases, the anti-defense crowd claims military spending is more than adequate, citing comparisons with other nations or previous eras. These arguments are specious.
Bernie Sanders says the U.S. spends more on defense than the “next nine countries combined.” The correct number is actually six, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Last year Washington spent $596 billion. No. 2 was China at $215 billion. No. 3 was Russia at $91 billion. You might hear lower numbers—$145 billion for Beijing and $66 billion for Moscow—but these are misleading. China’s official figures don’t include several spending categories, such as arms imports. The lower Russian number is its 2015 budget at 2015’s exchange rate. That rate plummeted in 2014, but Russia pays for its military in rubles so the 2014 rate better represents the country’s military funding.
Therefore, in 2015 the U.S. spent a little under twice what its two “near-peer” adversaries spent. That might be plenty, if China and Russia were America’s only national-security threats and located nearby. But the U.S. is also fighting jihadists with thousands of troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, and with dozens of drones and special-operations teams throughout the Middle East—while also contending with Iran and North Korea.
Another tactic of the anti-defense crowd is to emphasize the 41% growth in military spending since 9/11. The fact is 2001’s spending,
as a percentage of GDP, was at a historically low 2.9%, compared with
34.5% during World War II, 11.7% during the Korean War, 8.9% during Vietnam and 6% during the Reagan presidency. Even at the height of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, defense spending reached only 4.7%.
In 2015 it was back down to 3.3%.
U.S. defense spending has grown 41% since Sept. 10, 2001. But in that time Russia and China have increased spending by 267% and terrorists brought down the World Trade Center. Perhaps 41% isn’t enough. A little-noted fact: The 2015 budget was $120 billion less than planned. In 2010 the Defense Department projected the 2015 base budget—the portion that doesn’t cover current wars—at $616 billion. Instead, it was $496 billion. Had the 2010 plan held, defense spending would have been 4% of GDP last year.
But isn’t defense spending driving the budget deficit? Not really. Defense
as a percentage of federal spending is also at a post-World War II low. It accounted for 16% in 2015, 25% under Reagan, 50% under Eisenhower and over 80% during World War II. The
projection for 2017 is 14.9%.
Despite what Mr. Sanders and the anti-defense brigade would have you believe, America is getting its security—in an increasingly insecure world—at record low cost.
Mr. Katz is the director for defense analysis at Aviation Week Intelligence and Data Services. He previously served in the Defense Department and in the U.S. Army’s special forces.
http://www.wsj.com/articles/bernie-a...ade-1463950087